Optimised molecular genetic diagnostics of Fanconi anaemia by whole exome sequencing and functional studies.

TitleOptimised molecular genetic diagnostics of Fanconi anaemia by whole exome sequencing and functional studies.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2020
AuthorsBogliolo, M, Pujol, R, Aza-Carmona, M, Muñoz-Subirana, N, Rodriguez-Santiago, B, Casado, JAntonio, Rio, P, Bauser, C, Reina-Castillón, J, Lopez-Sanchez, M, Gonzalez-Quereda, L, Gallano, P, Catalá, A, Ruiz-Llobet, A, Badell, I, Diaz-Heredia, C, Hladun, R, Senent, L, Argiles, B, Burgues, JMiguel Ber, Bañez, F, Arrizabalaga, B, Almaraz, RLópez, Lopez, M, Figuera, Á, Molinés, A, de Soto, IPérez, Hernando, I, Muñoz, JAntonio, Marin, MDel Rosari, Balmaña, J, Stjepanovic, N, Carrasco, E, Cuesta, I, Cosuelo, JMiguel, Regueiro, A, Jimenez, JMoraleda, Galera-Miñarro, AMaria, Rosiñol, L, Carrió, A, Beléndez-Bieler, C, Soto, AEscudero, Cela, E, de la Mata, G, Fernández-Delgado, R, Garcia-Pardos, MCarmen, Sáez-Villaverde, R, Barragaño, M, Portugal, R, Lendinez, F, Hernadez, I, Vagace, JManue, Tapia, M, Nieto, J, Garcia, M, Gonzalez, M, Vicho, C, Galvez, E, Valiente, A, Antelo, MLuisa, Ancliff, P, García, F, Dopazo, J, Sevilla, J, Paprotka, T, Pérez-Jurado, LAlberto, Bueren, J, Surralles, J
JournalJ Med Genet
Volume57
Issue4
Pagination258-268
Date Published2020 04
ISSN1468-6244
KeywordsCell Line; DNA Copy Number Variations; DNA Repair; DNA-Binding Proteins; Fanconi Anemia; Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group A Protein; Female; Gene Knockout Techniques; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Humans; Male; Mutation, Missense; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; whole exome sequencing
Abstract

PURPOSE: Patients with Fanconi anaemia (FA), a rare DNA repair genetic disease, exhibit chromosome fragility, bone marrow failure, malformations and cancer susceptibility. FA molecular diagnosis is challenging since FA is caused by point mutations and large deletions in 22 genes following three heritability patterns. To optimise FA patients' characterisation, we developed a simplified but effective methodology based on whole exome sequencing (WES) and functional studies.METHODS: 68 patients with FA were analysed by commercial WES services. Copy number variations were evaluated by sequencing data analysis with RStudio. To test missense variants, wt FANCA cDNA was cloned and variants were introduced by site-directed mutagenesis. Vectors were then tested for their ability to complement DNA repair defects of a FANCA-KO human cell line generated by TALEN technologies.RESULTS: We identified 93.3% of mutated alleles including large deletions. We determined the pathogenicity of three FANCA missense variants and demonstrated that two variants reported in mutations databases as 'affecting functions' are SNPs. Deep analysis of sequencing data revealed patients' true mutations, highlighting the importance of functional analysis. In one patient, no pathogenic variant could be identified in any of the 22 known FA genes, and in seven patients, only one deleterious variant could be identified (three patients each with FANCA and FANCD2 and one patient with FANCE mutations) CONCLUSION: WES and proper bioinformatics analysis are sufficient to effectively characterise patients with FA regardless of the rarity of their complementation group, type of mutations, mosaic condition and DNA source.

DOI10.1136/jmedgenet-2019-106249
Alternate JournalJ Med Genet
PubMed ID31586946